Carlos Diaz Ruiz is an Associate Professor (Tenure-Track) at Hanken School of Economics in Finland. His research revolves around market-shaping, consumer culture, and disinformation research. It appears in the pages of the Journal of Public Policy & Marketing, the Journal of Business Research, New Media & Society, and Industrial Marketing Management. He is currently Associate Editor of the Journal of Marketing Management.

Dr. Diaz Ruiz was born and raised in Mexico City and completed his Doctorate (Ph.D.) in Finland. Before entering academia, Dr. Diaz Ruiz worked as a consumer insights consultant for major companies in Latin America, where he developed his proficiency as an ethnographer specializing in business anthropology and in-depth research methods associated with consumer culture theory. He advised organizations in diverse industries on how to anticipate consumer trends. His work aims for academic rigor and practical relevance; as a result, ESOMAR, a global professional association for market research and insights, recognized his contributions to the Insights Industry by including him in the "Insights250" list for 2022 and 2024.

Dr. Diaz Ruiz was an assistant professor at KEDGE Business School in Bordeaux, France, and a senior lecturer at the University of Auckland in New Zealand.

As an educator, he uses his research and industry experience to teach university students courses like qualitative research, strategic branding, consumer culture, and user innovation. One of his interests is to develop teaching methods in close collaboration with insights agencies to help train the next generation of insights professionals. His teaching approach is designed with industry professionals considering the requirements of marketing agencies.

He is the author of Market-Oriented Disinformation Research: Digital Advertising, Disinformation and Fake News on Social Media, a book published by Routledge that studies the economy funding disinformation online. It calls for marketing researchers to examine how the business models of digital advertising and social media platforms incentivize the circulation of disinformation online.

  • My research integrates consumer culture and market shaping. I build upon my experience as a market researcher and marketing manager to investigate how firms construct consumer insights in ways that shape marketing strategy. My research focuses on the following three streams: (1) insights “as practice.” A stream in which I investigate how firms represent consumers in ways that textbooks fail to prescribe. (2) market-shaping. An empirical phenomenon in which an actor, usually a firm, fundamentally transforms its business landscape to its advantage. (3) Disinformation. I study the social and cultural dynamics of echo chambers in social media.

    As a snapshot of my academic career, I defended my dissertation at Hanken (Finland) in 2014. The dissertation resulted in three publications (ABS-3 UK ranking) – Two in Industrial Marketing Management and one in Marketing Theory. Together, they elaborate on how market research is performative, which means it profoundly influences how managers act, or in other words, how market research shapes the strategies managers consider viable.

    After my Ph.D., I joined Aalto University for a one-year postdoctoral contract on Consumer Culture. After the postdoc, I joined KEDGE Business School (Bordeaux, France) with my former co-supervisor, Professor Lisa Peñaloza, and the services researcher, Professor Jonas Holmqvist. The outcomes resulted in publications in ABS-3 publications –Journal of Business Research and the European Journal of Marketing. This work conceptualizes consumer tribes and experiential luxury.

    I joined the University of Auckland to participate in the market-shaping group led by Prof. Suvi Nenonen and Prof. Kaj Storbacka. My research explored how consumers shape markets. This effort resulted in seven publications in 2020. I will highlight two of them. The publication co-authored with Marian Makkar (RMIT, Australia) in the Journal of Business Research (ABS-3) explores consumer-led innovation, shaping multiple boardsport markets – e.g., kitesurfing, windsurfing, and stand-up paddling. The second collaboration with Prof. Hans Kjellberg (SSE, Sweden) in Marketing Theory (ABS-3) explores how cultural intermediaries exploit contradictions in popular culture to propose ‘feral’ segments.

    I am now part of the marketing faculty at Hanken School of Economics in Finland, my alma mater where I continue with my projects on the rhetorical analysis of disinformation and echo chambers.

  • My experience teaching in business schools is international. I have taught at Aalto University and Hanken School of Economics (Finland), Kedge Business School (France), Tec de Monterrey (Mexico), and the University of Auckland (New Zealand). I teach several types of business courses including contemporary marketing, qualitative business research methods, consumer culture, and brand management. My core competencies in teaching include cultural approaches to consumption, contemporary branding strategy, and consumer insights.

    Before my academic career, I worked as a consumer insights specialist for 5+ years in both a marketing agency and the client’s side. These managerial experiences provide me with a practical perspective that enhances my teaching. The focus is on interpreting multiple sources of consumer data to generate insights, which I define as actionable findings that can become the backbone of marketing strategy. As such, I emphasize the importance of managerial sensemaking in interpreting data, both qualitative and quantitative.

    Currently, I am teaching Consumer Behavior and Strategic Branding.

  • Before joining academia, I was a consumer insights specialist at a market research agency. Also, I was a marketing manager at the flagship airline in Mexico, Mexicana Airlines. Both roles offered a contrasting experience of how ‘consumer insights’ work for the client and agency.

    At Mexicana Airlines, my role required an understanding of how consumer insights apply strategically. By commissioning market research projects, commissioning them to agencies, and organizing their findings, I learned to interpret insights according to the firm’s capabilities. This dual experience (agency and client) informs my current research interests and teaching practice.

Scientific books

  1. Diaz Ruiz, C. A. (2025) Market-Oriented Disinformation Research: Digital Advertising, Disinformation and Fake News on Social Media. Oxfordshire: UK. Routledge. ISBN 9781032828541 www.routledge.com/9781032828541

 Peer-reviewed scientific articles

  1. Diaz Ruiz, C (2024) Disinformation and Fake News as Externalities of Digital Advertising: A Close Reading of Sociotechnical Imaginaries in Programmatic Advertising. Journal of Marketing Management. https://doi.org/10.1080/0267257X.2024.2421860

  2. Wirths, O., Toth, Z. & Diaz Ruiz, C. (2024) Adversarial Service Networks: A Study of Service Firms’ Response to Manufacturer-led Servitization in Aviation. Industrial Marketing Management, 119, 162-177. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.indmarman.2024.04.004

  3. Diaz Ruiz, C (2024). Disinformation in Digital Media Platforms: A Market Shaping Approach. New Media & Society. https://doi.org/10.1177/14614448231207644 

  4. Diaz Ruiz, C. & Cruz, A. (2023). Unconventional Luxury Brand Collaborations: A New Form of Luxury Consumption Among Young Adults in China. International Marketing Review. Vol. 40 No. 7, pp. 1-21. https://doi.org/10.1108/IMR-04-2022-0099

  5. Diaz Ruiz, C., & Nilsson, T. (2023). Disinformation and Echo Chambers: How Disinformation Circulates in Social Media Through Identity-Driven Controversies. Journal of Public Policy & Marketing, 42(1), 18–35. https://doi.org/10.1177/07439156221103852 

  6. Diaz Ruiz, C., (2022). The Insights Industry: Towards a Performativity Turn in Market Research. International Journal of Market Research, 64(2) 169-186. https://doi.org/10.1177/14707853211039191

  7. Diaz Ruiz, C., & Makkar, M. (2021). Market bifurcations in boardsports: How consumers shape markets through boundary work. Journal of Business Research, 122(January), 38-50. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbusres.2020.08.039

  8. Toth, Z., Naude, P., Henneberg, S., & Diaz Ruiz, C. (2021). The strategic role of corporate online references: Building social capital through signaling in business networks. Journal of Business and Industrial Marketing, 36(8) 1300-1321. https://doi.org/10.1108/JBIM-02-2020-0101

  9. Diaz Ruiz, C., & Kjellberg, H. (2020). Feral segmentation: How cultural intermediaries perform market segmentation in the wild. Marketing Theory, 20(4) 429–457. https://doi.org/10.1177/1470593120920330  

  10. Diaz Ruiz, C., Peñaloza, L., & Holmqvist, J. (2020). Assembling tribes: An assemblage thinking approach to the dynamics of ephemerality within consumer tribes. European Journal of Marketing. 54(5), 999-1024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/EJM-08-2018-0565  

  11. Diaz Ruiz, C., Baker, J., Mason, K., Tierney, K. (2020). Market-scanning and market-shaping: Why are firms blindsided by market-shaping acts? Journal of Business and Industrial Marketing, 35(9), 1389-1401. https://doi.org/10.1108/JBIM-03-2019-0130

  12. Holmqvist, J., Diaz Ruiz, C., & Peñaloza, L. (2020) Moments of luxury: Hedonic escapism as a luxury experience. Journal of Business Research, 116(August), 503-513. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbusres.2019.10.015   

  13. Diaz Ruiz, C., & Holmlund, M. (2017). Actionable marketing knowledge: A close reading of representation, knowledge and action in market research. Industrial Marketing Management, 66, 172-180. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.indmarman.2017.08.005  

  14. Holmqvist, J. and Diaz Ruiz, C. (2017). Service ecosystems, markets and business networks: What is the difference? A horizontal literature review. The TQM Journal, 29(6), 800-810. https://doi.org/10.1108/TQM-03-2017-0028   

  15. Diaz Ruiz, C. A., & Kowalkowski, C. (2014). Market representations in industrial marketing: Could representations influence strategy?. Industrial Marketing Management, 43(6), 1026-1034. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.indmarman.2014.05.015   

  16. Diaz Ruiz, C. A. (2013). Assembling market representations. Marketing Theory, 13(3), 245-261. https://doi.org/10.1177/1470593113487744  

  17. Diaz Ruiz, C. (2012). Theories of markets: Insights from marketing and the sociology of markets. The Marketing Review, 12(1), 61-77. https://doi.org/10.1362/146934712X13286274424316  

Peer-Reviewed Scientific Publications